Working time https://etuclex.etuc.org/ fr Call for tenders : ETUC expert study on working time reduction – deadline 8 April https://etuclex.etuc.org/call-tenders-etuc-expert-study-working-time-reduction-deadline-8-april <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--title--developement.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Call for tenders : ETUC expert study on working time reduction – deadline 8 April </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-development-summary--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-development-summary--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-development-summary.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-development-summary.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-development-summary field-name-field-development-summary field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><p>Please disseminate this call to relevant experts in your networks</p></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--uid--developement.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>ttaylordipietr…</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--created--developement.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2024-03-14T16:21:48+00:00" title="Thursday, March 14, 2024 - 16:21">Thu, 03/14/2024 - 16:21</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-development-category--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-development-category--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-development-category.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-development-category.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-development-category field-name-field-development-category field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/1" hreflang="fr">European</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-developement-keyword--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-keyword--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-keyword.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-developement-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-developement-keyword field-name-field-developement-keyword field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/working-time" hreflang="fr">Working time</a></div> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/collective-bargaining" hreflang="fr">Collective bargaining</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-developement-content--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-content--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-content.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-developement-content.html.twig * field--entity-reference-revisions.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-developement-content field-name-field-developement-content field-type-entity-reference-revisions field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--paragraph-content-body--default.html.twig x paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig * paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/paragraph/paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--paragraph-content-body paragraph--view-mode--default"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body--paragraph-content-body--default.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body--paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--field-paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body field-name-field-paragraph-content-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><p>Dear colleagues,</p><p>We are pleased to share with you the ETUC call for tenders for an expert study on working time, which has now been launched.<br>Deadline for submission of bids is 8 April 2024. We kindly ask you to help with the dissemination of this call to relevant experts in your networks.</p><p>The study will be commissioned under the ETUCLEX project, on the topic of working time in a changing world of work, with a particular focus on working time reduction and the role of trade unions.</p><p>The objective of the study is to map and analyse trade-union led examples of working time reduction, notably linked to collective agreements. It aims to equip trade unionists with arguments in favour of working time reduction, inspiring examples of successful cases as well as recommendations for the negotiation and implementation of such working time arrangements.</p><p><strong>The detailed call is available in PDF via this </strong><a href="https://eur01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Furl5366.etuc.org%2Fls%2Fclick%3Fupn%3Du001.llsusd2eXgdNCBcpzpWLhi6CSZJ9BPpj-2FhDilgcumUvZyrOUb4LWWTiQ3LiMKdEBCCwLtkivj-2BHx-2BqC5HlCu88-2Fyvim7-2BUmrpFPHT6V0poI-3DrSNx_OBAPbv97FvxLY2uDjF5jI3YJYSYHklna8ll7xZVlB1ChdSn61tUl2XDVWA3VHpHntw4A1-2B6cJ2m2pCgUgnPh-2F2oZiWaImKWdwJB7I6A7FnGZj6UE-2FX6E7FMCubSuSIJzL-2Bm4iiygRyCjzf1nnxg1L4DWR4Hr-2FF0jmrg4XJMF7t6wZq6O61a-2FNY13bIbVg2XkPxBiPcxIv-2Br-2BCdthTPBFDgusH2L-2F-2BOBeUy4cMTCd0KgUJxEGrB1XTZUT2b2GRqZkgDpXsdSVO081K-2FL8P-2Fb62g-3D-3D&amp;data=05%7C02%7Cttaylordipietro%40etuc.org%7Cee040e4c3cb141ee193d08dc429c74cf%7C7a57d45075f34a4da90dac04a367b91a%7C0%7C0%7C638458486975839622%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&amp;sdata=2ZeryNY9dyD8V%2FY7oWivZkW6fIsLMXb9cbbOTciroKU%3D&amp;reserved=0"><strong>link</strong></a><strong>.</strong></p><p>In case you or an interested expert have questions, please do not hesitate to contact ETUC Project Officer Thomas Taylor di Pietro (ttaylordipietro@etuc.org) for more information.</p><p>We hope you find this research topic to be of interest to your work, and we thank you for your support.</p><p>Best regards,<br>Isabelle Schömann<br>Deputy General Secretary<br>&nbsp;</p></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/paragraph/paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Thu, 14 Mar 2024 16:21:48 +0000 ttaylordipietro@etuc.org 544 at https://etuclex.etuc.org BU v Comune di Copertino https://etuclex.etuc.org/cases/bu-v-comune-di-copertino <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--title--cases.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>BU v Comune di Copertino</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--uid--cases.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>ttaylordipietr…</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--created--cases.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2024-02-01T13:41:17+00:00" title="Thursday, February 1, 2024 - 13:41">Thu, 02/01/2024 - 13:41</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-inputs--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-inputs--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-inputs.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-inputs.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-inputs field-name-field-cases-inputs field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><p>This request for a preliminary ruling concerns the interpretation of Article 7 of Directive 2003/88/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November 2003 concerning certain aspects of the organisation of working time (OJ 2003 L 299, p. 9), and of Article 31(2) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘the Charter’).</p> <p>The request has been made in proceedings between BU, a former public servant of the Comune di Copertino (Municipality of Copertino, Italy), and the Comune di Copertino concerning the refusal to pay BU an allowance in lieu of paid annual leave not taken on the date of the termination of the employment relationship as a result of BU’s voluntary resignation in order to take early retirement.</p> <p>The Court held that&nbsp;that Article 7 of Directive 2003/88 and Article 31(2) of the Charter must be interpreted as precluding national legislation which, for reasons relating to the control of public expenditure and the organisational needs of the public employer, prohibits the payment to a worker of an allowance in lieu of the days of paid annual leave acquired, during both the last year of employment and previous years, which were not taken at the date on which the employment relationship ended, where that worker voluntarily terminates that employment relationship and has not shown that he or she had not taken his or her leave during that employment relationship for reasons beyond his or her control.</p> <p>The full judgement as well as the opinion of&nbsp;Advocate General Ćapeta are available below.</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-checkbox-public--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-checkbox-public--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-checkbox-public.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-checkbox-public.html.twig * field--boolean.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-checkbox-public field-name-field-checkbox-public field-type-boolean field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">On</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-register-number--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-register-number--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-register-number.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-register-number.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-register-number field-name-field-cases-register-number field-type-string field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> C‑218/22</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-keyword--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-keyword--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-keyword.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-keyword field-name-field-cases-keyword field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/working-time" hreflang="fr">Working time</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-case-closed--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-case-closed--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-case-closed.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-case-closed.html.twig * field--boolean.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-case-closed field-name-field-cases-case-closed field-type-boolean field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">On</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-instrument--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-instrument--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-instrument.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-instrument.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-instrument field-name-field-cases-instrument field-type-string field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">Directive 2003/88/EC</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-institution--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-institution--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-institution.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-institution.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-institution field-name-field-cases-institution field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/37" hreflang="fr">Court of Justice of the European Union</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-branch-of-law--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-branch-of-law--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-branch-of-law.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-branch-of-law.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-branch-of-law field-name-field-cases-branch-of-law field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/26" hreflang="fr">Individual labour law</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-judgement-date--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-judgement-date--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-judgement-date.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-judgement-date.html.twig * field--datetime.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-judgement-date field-name-field-cases-judgement-date field-type-datetime field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2024-02-18T12:00:00Z">Sun, 02/18/2024 - 12:00</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-final-judge--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-final-judge--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-final-judge.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-final-judge.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-final-judge field-name-field-cases-final-judge field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/media/867/edit" hreflang="fr">C‑21822 BU v Cupertino_Judgement.pdf</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-documents--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-documents--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-documents.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-documents.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-documents field-name-field-cases-documents field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/media/868/edit" hreflang="fr">AG Capeta opinion C‑21822.pdf</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-country--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-country--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-country.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-country.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-country field-name-field-cases-country field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/97" hreflang="fr">Italy</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Thu, 01 Feb 2024 13:41:17 +0000 ttaylordipietro@etuc.org 529 at https://etuclex.etuc.org Unión General de Trabajadores (UGT) v. Spain https://etuclex.etuc.org/cases/union-general-de-trabajadores-ugt-v-spain-0 <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--title--cases.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Unión General de Trabajadores (UGT) v. Spain</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--uid--cases.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>ttaylordipietr…</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--created--cases.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2024-01-18T08:57:40+00:00" title="Thursday, January 18, 2024 - 08:57">Thu, 01/18/2024 - 08:57</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-inputs--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-inputs--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-inputs.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-inputs.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-inputs field-name-field-cases-inputs field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><p>A <strong>complaint has been registered</strong> by&nbsp;Unión General de Trabajadores (UGT) relating to Article 4§2 (the right to a fair remuneration) and Article E (non-discrimination) of the revised European Social Charter.</p> <p>UGT alleges that the Spanish legislation on remuneration for overtime work in Spain violates Article 4§2 of the Charter insofar as neither the regulations nor practice guarantee, as a general rule, an increased rate of remuneration for overtime work. UGT further alleges that the non-payment of overtime affects women in particular, in breach of Article E in conjunction with Article 4§2 of the Charter.</p> <p>A decision on admissibility can be expected in the coming months.</p> <p>To read the full text of the complaint and to follow the process of the case, see <a href="https://www.coe.int/en/web/european-social-charter/-/no.-235/2023-uni%C3%B3n-general-de-trabajadores-ugt-v.-spain">here</a>.</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-checkbox-public--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-checkbox-public--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-checkbox-public.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-checkbox-public.html.twig * field--boolean.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-checkbox-public field-name-field-checkbox-public field-type-boolean field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">On</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-register-number--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-register-number--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-register-number.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-register-number.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-register-number field-name-field-cases-register-number field-type-string field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">235/2023</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-keyword--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-keyword--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-keyword.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-keyword field-name-field-cases-keyword field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/gender" hreflang="fr">Gender</a></div> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/human-rights" hreflang="fr">Human rights</a></div> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/labour-law" hreflang="fr">Labour law</a></div> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/working-time" hreflang="fr">Working time</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-case-closed--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-case-closed--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-case-closed.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-case-closed.html.twig * field--boolean.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-case-closed field-name-field-cases-case-closed field-type-boolean field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">Off</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-instrument--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-instrument--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-instrument.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-instrument.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-instrument field-name-field-cases-instrument field-type-string field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">Revised European Social Charter</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-institution--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-institution--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-institution.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-institution.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-institution field-name-field-cases-institution field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/41" hreflang="fr">European Committee of Social Rights</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-branch-of-law--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-branch-of-law--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-branch-of-law.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-branch-of-law.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-branch-of-law field-name-field-cases-branch-of-law field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/25" hreflang="fr">Human rights</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-judgement-date--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-judgement-date--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-judgement-date.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-judgement-date.html.twig * field--datetime.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-judgement-date field-name-field-cases-judgement-date field-type-datetime field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2024-01-18T12:00:00Z">Thu, 01/18/2024 - 12:00</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-country--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-country--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-country.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-country.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-country field-name-field-cases-country field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/104" hreflang="fr">Spain</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Thu, 18 Jan 2024 08:57:40 +0000 ttaylordipietro@etuc.org 523 at https://etuclex.etuc.org New Eurofound research report on working time https://etuclex.etuc.org/new-eurofound-research-report-working-time <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--title--developement.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>New Eurofound research report on working time</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-development-summary--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-development-summary--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-development-summary.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-development-summary.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-development-summary field-name-field-development-summary field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><p>Industrial relations and social dialogue - working time in 2021–2022</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--uid--developement.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>ttaylordipietr…</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--created--developement.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2023-10-26T10:27:37+00:00" title="Thursday, October 26, 2023 - 10:27">Thu, 10/26/2023 - 10:27</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-development-category--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-development-category--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-development-category.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-development-category.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-development-category field-name-field-development-category field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/1" hreflang="fr">European</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-developement-keyword--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-keyword--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-keyword.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-developement-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-developement-keyword field-name-field-developement-keyword field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/working-time" hreflang="fr">Working time</a></div> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/collective-bargaining" hreflang="fr">Collective bargaining</a></div> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/work-life-balance" hreflang="fr">Work-life balance</a></div> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/industrial-relations" hreflang="fr">Industrial relations</a></div> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/working-conditions" hreflang="fr">Working conditions</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-developement-content--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-content--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-content.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-developement-content.html.twig * field--entity-reference-revisions.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-developement-content field-name-field-developement-content field-type-entity-reference-revisions field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--paragraph-banner--default.html.twig * paragraph--paragraph-banner.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig x paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--paragraph-banner paragraph--view-mode--default"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-parag-banner-img--paragraph-banner--default.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-parag-banner-img--paragraph-banner.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-parag-banner-img.html.twig * field--paragraph--paragraph-banner.html.twig * field--field-parag-banner-img.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-paragraph--field-parag-banner-img field-name-field-parag-banner-img field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--default.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--default.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image--default.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-media--field-media-image field-name-field-media-image field-type-image field-label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field-label show-for-sr">Image</div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sites/default/files/2023-10/eurofound.PNG"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/2023-10/eurofound.PNG" width="574" height="358" alt="eu" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </article> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="field-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--paragraph-content-body--default.html.twig x paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig * paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/paragraph/paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--paragraph-content-body paragraph--view-mode--default"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body--paragraph-content-body--default.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body--paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--field-paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body field-name-field-paragraph-content-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><p>A new report has been published by Eurofound focusing on the most important changes in in the reguolation of working time in Europe in 2021 and 2022. <strong>The full report can be accessed <a href="https://www.eurofound.europa.eu/en/publications/2023/working-time-2021-2022#msdynttrid=SppWG9VrI00JjSgkMy7q1HHw6FdyUGozhNtFlDLqF30">here</a></strong>. Below you can find an abstract and the key findings of the report.</p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>The most important changes in the regulation of working time in Europe in 2021 and 2022 were related to the transposition of two European directives: the Work–life Balance Directive and the Transparent and Predictable Working Conditions Directive. The reduction of working time and more specifically the four-day working week have been increasingly debated in many EU Member States. In 2022, the average collectively agreed working week in the EU stood at 38.1 hours.</p> <p>Of the sectors analysed, agreed working hours were shortest in public administration, at around 37.7 hours – still longer than the overall average – and longest in the retail sector, at 38.5 hours. The average collectively agreed paid annual leave entitlement stood at 24.3 days in the EU, and was higher in the Member States that were part of the EU prior to its 2004 enlargement (EU14), at 25.3 days, than in the other Member States, at only 20.9 days. If working collectively agreed hours, full-time workers in the EU27 would have worked, on average, 1,714 hours in 2022, with an average of 1,682 hours in the EU14 and 1,820 hours in the other Member States.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Key findings</strong></p> <ul> <li>The most important changes in working time in Europe in 2021 and 2022 were related to the transposition of two European directives: the Work–life Balance Directive and the Transparent and Predictable Working Conditions Directive. The reduction of working time and more specifically the four-day working week are increasingly a hot topic of debate in many EU Member States.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Although the usual working week for full-time employees stood at 39.8 hours in 2022, the average collectively agreed normal full-time working week in the EU was 38.1 hours. New findings highlight the collectively agreed normal working week was shortest in public administration (37.7 hours) and longest in retail (38.5 hours).</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Given the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on work, findings reveal that the average usual weekly working hours of full-time employees fell between 2019 and 2022 in 19 Member States. However, Member States that joined the EU prior to 2004 (EU14) worked almost one hour less than those that joined in or after 2004 (EU13), a difference that has remained constant for more than a decade.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>While the minimum paid annual leave entitlement in the EU is 20 days, some Member States have increased this minimum entitlement through legislation or collective agreements. By factoring in entitlements established through collective bargaining, the average annual paid leave rose to 24.3 days in the EU with more days in the EU14 (25.3 days) and slightly less in the EU 13 (20.9 days).</li> </ul> <ul> <li>If collectively agreed annual working hours are considered, full-time workers in the EU will have worked on average 1,714 hours in 2022. This was shorter in the EU14 at 1,682 hours and longer in the EU13 at 1,820 hours. Estonia and Hungary, where collective bargaining does not play a substantial role in defining working time regulations, recorded the longest annual working hours at 1,856 hours, the equivalent of nearly seven weeks more than workers in France, which had the shortest agreed annual working hours.</li> </ul> <p>&nbsp;</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/paragraph/paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Thu, 26 Oct 2023 10:27:37 +0000 ttaylordipietro@etuc.org 509 at https://etuclex.etuc.org MK v Lufthansa CityLine GmbH https://etuclex.etuc.org/cases/mk-v-lufthansa-cityline-gmbh <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--title--cases.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>MK v Lufthansa CityLine GmbH</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--uid--cases.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>ttaylordipietr…</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--created--cases.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2023-10-26T08:55:55+00:00" title="Thursday, October 26, 2023 - 08:55">Thu, 10/26/2023 - 08:55</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-inputs--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-inputs--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-inputs.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-inputs.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-inputs field-name-field-cases-inputs field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><p>In its preliminary ruling, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) held that national rules&nbsp;which require a part-time worker to complete the same number of working hours as a full-time worker in order to receive additional remuneration constitute discrimination which is prohibited under EU law (namely Directive 97/81/EC concerning the Framework Agreement on part-time work concluded by UNICE, CEEP and the ETUC), unless such treatment is justified on objective grounds.</p> <p>The facts of the case concern the working time of pilots, and specifically national legislation which makes the payment of additional remuneration for part-time workers and for comparable full-time workers uniformly contingent on the same number of working hours being exceeded in a given activity, such as a pilot’s flight duty. This means that&nbsp;a part-time pilot must complete the same number of flying duty hours as a full-time pilot to be entitled to that remuneration, without that threshold being lowered in a manner proportionate to the length of his or her individual working time. Under those circumstances, part-time pilots do not reach the trigger thresholds required to be entitled to additional remuneration, or are much less likely to do so than full-time pilots.</p> <p>The CJEU held that since part-time workers thus satisfy much more rarely the conditions for entitlement to additional remuneration, a part-time pilot, such as the applicant in the main proceedings, must be regarded as subject to a difference in treatment compared with comparable full-time pilots, prohibited by Clause 4.1 of the Framework Agreement, unless it is justified on ‘objective grounds’ within the meaning of that clause, and that this treatment must be regarded as "less favourable" [paras 49, 50].</p> <p>The CJEU further held that&nbsp;Clauses 4.1 and 4.2 of the Framework Agreement must be interpreted as precluding national legislation which makes the payment of additional remuneration for part-time workers and comparable full-time workers uniformly contingent on the same number of working hours being exceeded in a given activity, such as a pilot’s flight duty, in order to compensate for a workload particular to that activity [para. 67].</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-checkbox-public--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-checkbox-public--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-checkbox-public.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-checkbox-public.html.twig * field--boolean.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-checkbox-public field-name-field-checkbox-public field-type-boolean field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">On</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-register-number--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-register-number--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-register-number.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-register-number.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-register-number field-name-field-cases-register-number field-type-string field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">C‑660/20</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-keyword--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-keyword--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-keyword.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-keyword field-name-field-cases-keyword field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/working-time" hreflang="fr">Working time</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-case-closed--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-case-closed--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-case-closed.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-case-closed.html.twig * field--boolean.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-case-closed field-name-field-cases-case-closed field-type-boolean field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">On</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-instrument--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-instrument--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-instrument.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-instrument.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-instrument field-name-field-cases-instrument field-type-string field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> Directive 97/81/EC – Framework Agreement on part-time work concluded by UNICE, CEEP and the ETUC</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-institution--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-institution--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-institution.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-institution.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-institution field-name-field-cases-institution field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/37" hreflang="fr">Court of Justice of the European Union</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-branch-of-law--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-branch-of-law--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-branch-of-law.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-branch-of-law.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-branch-of-law field-name-field-cases-branch-of-law field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/27" hreflang="fr">Collective labour law</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-judgement-date--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-judgement-date--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-judgement-date.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-judgement-date.html.twig * field--datetime.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-judgement-date field-name-field-cases-judgement-date field-type-datetime field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2023-10-19T12:00:00Z">Thu, 10/19/2023 - 12:00</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-final-judge--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-final-judge--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-final-judge.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-final-judge.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-final-judge field-name-field-cases-final-judge field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/media/836/edit" hreflang="fr">C 660 20 MK v Lufthansa.pdf</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-country--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-country--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-country.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-country.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-country field-name-field-cases-country field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/107" hreflang="fr">Germany</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Thu, 26 Oct 2023 08:55:55 +0000 ttaylordipietro@etuc.org 508 at https://etuclex.etuc.org The German The Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs presents draft bill for amended Working Hours Act https://etuclex.etuc.org/german-federal-ministry-labor-and-social-affairs-presents-draft-bill-amended-working-hours-act <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--title--developement.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>The German The Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs presents draft bill for amended Working Hours Act</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-development-summary--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-development-summary--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-development-summary.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-development-summary.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-development-summary field-name-field-development-summary field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><p>The law regulates the details of timekeeping and focuses on electronic recording</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--uid--developement.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>ttaylordipietr…</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--created--developement.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2023-05-10T08:10:05+00:00" title="Wednesday, May 10, 2023 - 08:10">Wed, 05/10/2023 - 08:10</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-development-category--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-development-category--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-development-category.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-development-category.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-development-category field-name-field-development-category field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/2" hreflang="fr">National</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-developement-keyword--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-keyword--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-keyword.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-developement-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-developement-keyword field-name-field-developement-keyword field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/working-time" hreflang="fr">Working time</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-developement-content--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-content--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-content.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-developement-content.html.twig * field--entity-reference-revisions.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-developement-content field-name-field-developement-content field-type-entity-reference-revisions field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--paragraph-content-body--default.html.twig x paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig * paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/paragraph/paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--paragraph-content-body paragraph--view-mode--default"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body--paragraph-content-body--default.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body--paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--field-paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body field-name-field-paragraph-content-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><p>The Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs (BMAS) has presented a draft bill for the revision of the Working Hours Act (ArbZG-E) which will detail the requirements of the Federal Labor Court (BAG) and the European Court of Justice (ECJ) for the already mandatory recording of working hours. For more information on these judgements, see the DGB press release regarding the "timeclock" judgement,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.dgb.de/uber-uns/dgb-heute/recht/++co++d68069b0-34cf-11ed-ae35-001a4a160123">here</a>.</p> <p>The draft creates an obligation for the employer to electronically record working hours. There are however possible exceptions which allow for non-electronic recording, for example by collective agreement, company or service agreement. Non-electronic time recording is also permitted during the first year of the law coming into force, so that companies can adapt accordingly. Depending on the size of the company, this transitional period is longer: companies with fewer than 250 employees have two years, and five years for fewer than 50 employees. Companies with fewer than ten employees as well as foreign employers without a permanent establishment in Germany can do without the electronic form altogether.</p> <p>For more information, see the BMAS press release <a href="https://www.brak.de/newsroom/news/arbeitszeiterfassung-bmas-legt-referentenentwurf-fuer-geaendertes-arbeitszeitgesetz-vor/">here</a>.</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/paragraph/paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Wed, 10 May 2023 08:10:05 +0000 ttaylordipietro@etuc.org 462 at https://etuclex.etuc.org Amsterdam Court of Appeal ruling on working time https://etuclex.etuc.org/amsterdam-court-appeal-ruling-working-time <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--title--developement.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Amsterdam Court of Appeal ruling on working time</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-development-summary--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-development-summary--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-development-summary.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-development-summary.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-development-summary field-name-field-development-summary field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><p>The ruling establishes that in a context of a dispute regarding overtime, it is the employer's responsibility to submit the working time records</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--uid--developement.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>ttaylordipietr…</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--created--developement.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2023-04-27T14:24:38+00:00" title="Thursday, April 27, 2023 - 14:24">Thu, 04/27/2023 - 14:24</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-development-category--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-development-category--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-development-category.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-development-category.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-development-category field-name-field-development-category field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/2" hreflang="fr">National</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-developement-keyword--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-keyword--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-keyword.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-developement-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-developement-keyword field-name-field-developement-keyword field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/working-time" hreflang="fr">Working time</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-developement-content--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-content--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-content.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-developement-content.html.twig * field--entity-reference-revisions.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-developement-content field-name-field-developement-content field-type-entity-reference-revisions field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--paragraph-content-body--default.html.twig x paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig * paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/paragraph/paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--paragraph-content-body paragraph--view-mode--default"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body--paragraph-content-body--default.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body--paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--field-paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body field-name-field-paragraph-content-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><p>In this case, the Court of Appeal in Amsterdam established that the employer has a duty to record the employee's working hours and that a failure to do so will result in relying on the employees own calculation.&nbsp;</p> <p>the employer was ordered to pay for the overtime hours worked, but was also found&nbsp;liable for damage suffered as allowing such an amount of overtime to accrue was a lack of duty of care.&nbsp;</p> <p>The employer's argument relied on the "exemption clause" included in the Working Hours Act, the legislation implementing the Working Time Directive in the Netherlands. The clause limits the applicability of the Act to employees earning no more than 3 times the minimum wage (as was the case for the employee in question). This raises an interesting point of debate as to whether such an exemption is in line with the derogations provided for in articles 17 to 22 of the Working time Directive. The topic was not addressed however as the Court rejected the argument that the employee should be exempted.</p> <p>For the full text of the judgement (in Dutch) see <a href="https://jure.nl/ecli:nl:ghams:2023:754">here</a>.</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/paragraph/paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Thu, 27 Apr 2023 14:24:38 +0000 ttaylordipietro@etuc.org 456 at https://etuclex.etuc.org PG v Ministero della Giustizia, CSM – Consiglio Superiore della Magistratura, Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri, Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri https://etuclex.etuc.org/cases/pg-v-ministero-della-giustizia-csm-consiglio-superiore-della-magistratura-presidenza-del <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--title--cases.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>PG v Ministero della Giustizia, CSM – Consiglio Superiore della Magistratura, Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri, Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--uid--cases.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>ttaylordipietr…</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--created--cases.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2022-04-27T12:26:45+00:00" title="Wednesday, April 27, 2022 - 12:26">Wed, 04/27/2022 - 12:26</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-inputs--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-inputs--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-inputs.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-inputs.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-inputs field-name-field-cases-inputs field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><p>In its preliminary ruling, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) delivered a judgement concerning the principle of non-discrimination and the improper use of fixed term contracts. In its judgement, the CJEU confirmed the importance of eliminating discrimination between part-time workers and full-time workers, and the requirement on Member States to adopt effective measures to prevent the abuse of successive fixed-term employment contracts.</p> <p>In the dispute concerning this preliminary ruling, the complainant (PG) argues that magistrates and ordinary judges carry out identical tasks, and seeks a declaration that he is entitled to the legal status of a public sector employee, on a full-time or part-time basis, within the judiciary. PG also seeks an order for reinstatement of his financial, social security and pension rights.</p> <p>The first point of law addressed by the CJEU pertained to Article 7 of Directive 2003/88 and Clause 4 of both the framework agreement on part-time work and the framework agreement on fixed-term work.</p> <p>The CJEU first reiterated that, as established in its judgment of 16 July 2020, Governo della Repubblica italiana (Status of Italian magistrates) (C 658/18, EU:C:2020:572), the concept of ‘fixed-term worker’ referred to in Clause 2(1) of the framework agreement on fixed-term work, must be interpreted as encompassing a magistrate appointed for a limited period who, in the context of his or her duties, performs real and genuine services which are neither purely marginal nor ancillary, and for which he or she receives compensation representing remuneration, which is, however, for the referring court to verify. [Para. 30].</p> <p>The CJEU then recalled that clause 4(1) of the framework agreement on fixed-term work prohibits, in respect of employment conditions, fixed-term workers being treated in a less favourable manner than comparable permanent workers, on the sole ground that they are employed on a fixed-term contract, unless different treatment is justified on objective grounds (Governo della Repubblica italiana, para 136). [Para. 32].</p> <p>If it is established that a magistrate such as PG is, in the light of Clause 4 of the framework agreement on fixed-term work, in a comparable situation to that of ordinary judges, it must still be verified whether there is an objective ground justifying a difference in treatment [para. 39].&nbsp;</p> <p>Indeed, the CJEU acknowledges that there are significant differences between magistrates and ordinary judges, the most striking being the existence of an entrance competition specifically designed for ordinary judges to enter the judiciary, which is not intrinsic to the appointment of magistrates. This however cannot justify honorary magistrates being completely excluded from entitlement to paid annual leave or to a social security and pension scheme to which ordinary judges in a comparable situation are entitled. [Para. 48].</p> <p>Concluding on this first point, the CJEU established that that Article 7 of Directive 2003/88, Clause 4 of the framework agreement on part-time work and Clause 4 of the framework agreement on fixed-term work must be interpreted as precluding national legislation which does not provide for an entitlement for magistrates to 30 days’ paid annual leave or to a social security and pension scheme deriving from the employment relationship, such as that provided for ordinary judges, if that magistrate comes within the definition of ‘part-time worker’ within the meaning of the framework agreement on part-time work and/or ‘fixed-term worker’ within the meaning of the framework agreement on fixed-term work and is in a comparable situation to that of an ordinary judge. [Para. 54].</p> <p>The second point of law addressed by the CJEU was related to Clause 5 of the framework agreement on fixed-term work.</p> <p>Here, the CJEU pointed out first and foremost that Clause 5 of the framework agreement on fixed-term work requires that Member States are to introduce measures relating to the number of successive renewals of fixed-term employment contracts or relationships and/or the maximum total duration of such contracts or relationships.</p> <p>It is settled case-law that, although Member States have discretion regarding measures to prevent abuse, they cannot, however, compromise the objective or the practical effect of the framework agreement on fixed-term work (see, to that effect, judgment of 11 February 2021, M.V. and Others (Successive fixed-term contracts in the public sector), C 760/18, EU:C:2021:113, paragraph 56). [Para. 58].</p> <p>The CJEU found that in the present case, it is apparent from the information provided by the referring court that no provision of Italian law makes it possible to punish in an effective and dissuasive way the improper renewal of fixed-term employment relationships within the meaning of Clause 5 of the framework agreement on fixed-term work. [Para. 64].</p> <p>In conclusion, the CJEU found that Clause 5(1) of the framework agreement on fixed-term work must be interpreted as precluding national legislation pursuant to which a fixed-term employment relationship can be renewed a maximum of three times successively, each renewal being for a duration of four years, for a total duration that does not exceed 16 years, and which does not provide for the possibility of penalising in an effective and dissuasive way the abusive continuance of the employment relationship. [Para. 66].<br /> &nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-checkbox-public--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-checkbox-public--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-checkbox-public.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-checkbox-public.html.twig * field--boolean.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-checkbox-public field-name-field-checkbox-public field-type-boolean field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">On</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-register-number--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-register-number--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-register-number.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-register-number.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-register-number field-name-field-cases-register-number field-type-string field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">C‑236/20</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-keyword--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-keyword--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-keyword.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-keyword field-name-field-cases-keyword field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/equality-and-non-discrimination" hreflang="fr">Equality and non-discrimination</a></div> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/working-time" hreflang="fr">Working time</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-case-closed--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-case-closed--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-case-closed.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-case-closed.html.twig * field--boolean.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-case-closed field-name-field-cases-case-closed field-type-boolean field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">On</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-instrument--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-instrument--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-instrument.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-instrument.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-instrument field-name-field-cases-instrument field-type-string field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">Directive 1999/70/EC - Framework agreement on fixed-term work concluded by ETUC, UNICE and CEEP; Council Directive 97/81/EC - Framework agreement on part-time work concluded by ETUC, UNICE and CEEP; Directive 2003/88/EC</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-institution--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-institution--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-institution.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-institution.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-institution field-name-field-cases-institution field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/37" hreflang="fr">Court of Justice of the European Union</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-branch-of-law--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-branch-of-law--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-branch-of-law.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-branch-of-law.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-branch-of-law field-name-field-cases-branch-of-law field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/27" hreflang="fr">Collective labour law</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-judgement-date--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-judgement-date--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-judgement-date.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-judgement-date.html.twig * field--datetime.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-judgement-date field-name-field-cases-judgement-date field-type-datetime field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2022-04-07T12:00:00Z">Thu, 04/07/2022 - 12:00</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-final-judge--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-final-judge--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-final-judge.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-final-judge.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-final-judge field-name-field-cases-final-judge field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/media/687/edit" hreflang="fr">PG v Ministero della Giustizia.pdf</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-country--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-country--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-country.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-country.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-country field-name-field-cases-country field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/97" hreflang="fr">Italy</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-complete-title--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-complete-title--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-complete-title.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-complete-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-complete-title field-name-field-complete-title field-type-string field-label-above"> <div class="field-label">Complete title</div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">PG v Ministero della Giustizia</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Wed, 27 Apr 2022 12:26:45 +0000 ttaylordipietro@etuc.org 350 at https://etuclex.etuc.org Luxembourg votes in favour of a bill regulating telework in companies https://etuclex.etuc.org/luxembourg-votes-favour-bill-regulating-telework-companies <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--title--developement.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Luxembourg votes in favour of a bill regulating telework in companies</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-development-summary--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-development-summary--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-development-summary.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-development-summary.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-development-summary field-name-field-development-summary field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><p>On 16 March, &nbsp;Luxembourg’s Chamber of Deputies voted in favour of a bill amending the Code du Travail and regulating the implementation of telework in companies.</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--uid--developement.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>ttaylordipietr…</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--created--developement.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2022-03-31T09:29:02+00:00" title="Thursday, March 31, 2022 - 09:29">Thu, 03/31/2022 - 09:29</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-development-category--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-development-category--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-development-category.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-development-category.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-development-category field-name-field-development-category field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/2" hreflang="fr">National</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-developement-keyword--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-keyword--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-keyword.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-developement-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-developement-keyword field-name-field-developement-keyword field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/working-conditions" hreflang="fr">Working conditions</a></div> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/working-time" hreflang="fr">Working time</a></div> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/work-life-balance" hreflang="fr">Work-life balance</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-developement-content--developement--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-content--developement.html.twig * field--node--field-developement-content.html.twig * field--node--developement.html.twig * field--field-developement-content.html.twig * field--entity-reference-revisions.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-developement-content field-name-field-developement-content field-type-entity-reference-revisions field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--paragraph-content-body--default.html.twig x paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig * paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/paragraph/paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--paragraph-content-body paragraph--view-mode--default"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body--paragraph-content-body--default.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body--paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--field-paragraph-content-body.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-paragraph--field-paragraph-content-body field-name-field-paragraph-content-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><p>On 16 March, &nbsp;Luxembourg’s Chamber of Deputies voted in favour of a bill amending the Code du Travail and regulating the implementation of telework in companies. Businesses employing more than 150 staff will need to secure a telework agreement between the employer and the staff delegation. For businesses employing fewer than 150 staff, management will now be required to inform and consult the staff delegation as regards teleworking and teleworking arrangements.</p> <p>The text of the amendments can be found <a href="https://www.cc.lu/fileadmin/user_upload/tx_ccavis/5857_PL_Teletravail_texte.pdf">here</a>.&nbsp;</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/paragraph/paragraph--paragraph-content-body.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Thu, 31 Mar 2022 09:29:02 +0000 ttaylordipietro@etuc.org 345 at https://etuclex.etuc.org BX v Unitatea Administrativ Teritorială D. https://etuclex.etuc.org/cases/bx-v-unitatea-administrativ-teritoriala-d <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--title--cases.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>BX v Unitatea Administrativ Teritorială D.</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--uid--cases.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>ttaylordipietr…</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--created--cases.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2021-11-10T12:45:51+00:00" title="Wednesday, November 10, 2021 - 12:45">Wed, 11/10/2021 - 12:45</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-inputs--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-inputs--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-inputs.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-inputs.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-inputs field-name-field-cases-inputs field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><p>The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) delivered a ruling that time spent in vocational training at the premises of a training services provider, at the employer’s request and outside the employee’s usual working hours, must be regarded as working time.</p> <p>In this case, BX, an employee of the administration of the municipality of D. brought proceedings against the municipality seeking, inter alia, an order that the municipality&nbsp;pay 124 hours of vocational training&nbsp;as overtime. This overtime had been accrued as part of BX’s vocational training that he had been requested to undertake by his employer.</p> <p>The CJEU’s conclusions were as follows:</p> <p>Article 2(1) of Directive 2003/88/EC concerning certain aspects of the organisation of working time must be interpreted as meaning that the period during which a worker attends vocational training required by his or her employer, which takes place away from his or her usual place of work, at the premises of the training services provider, during which he or she does not perform his or her normal duties, constitutes ‘working time’ within the meaning of that provision.<br /> &nbsp;</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-checkbox-public--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-checkbox-public--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-checkbox-public.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-checkbox-public.html.twig * field--boolean.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-checkbox-public field-name-field-checkbox-public field-type-boolean field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">On</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-register-number--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-register-number--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-register-number.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-register-number.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-register-number field-name-field-cases-register-number field-type-string field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> C‑909/19</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-keyword--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-keyword--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-keyword.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-keyword.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-keyword field-name-field-cases-keyword field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/keywords/working-time" hreflang="fr">Working time</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-case-closed--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-case-closed--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-case-closed.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-case-closed.html.twig * field--boolean.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-case-closed field-name-field-cases-case-closed field-type-boolean field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">On</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-instrument--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-instrument--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-instrument.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-instrument.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-instrument field-name-field-cases-instrument field-type-string field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item">Directive 2003/88/EC</div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-institution--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-institution--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-institution.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-institution.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-institution field-name-field-cases-institution field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/37" hreflang="fr">Court of Justice of the European Union</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-branch-of-law--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-branch-of-law--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-branch-of-law.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-branch-of-law.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-branch-of-law field-name-field-cases-branch-of-law field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/27" hreflang="fr">Collective labour law</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-judgement-date--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-judgement-date--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-judgement-date.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-judgement-date.html.twig * field--datetime.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-judgement-date field-name-field-cases-judgement-date field-type-datetime field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'time' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> <time datetime="2021-10-28T12:00:00Z">Thu, 10/28/2021 - 12:00</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/stable/templates/field/time.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-final-judge--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-final-judge--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-final-judge.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-final-judge.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-final-judge field-name-field-cases-final-judge field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/media/610/edit" hreflang="fr">BX Case.pdf</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-cases-country--cases--rss.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-country--cases.html.twig * field--node--field-cases-country.html.twig * field--node--cases.html.twig * field--field-cases-country.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field-wrapper field-node--field-cases-country field-name-field-cases-country field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/111" hreflang="fr">Romania</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/etuclex_theme/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> Wed, 10 Nov 2021 12:45:51 +0000 ttaylordipietro@etuc.org 279 at https://etuclex.etuc.org